f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36 English 8-bit variable size UCS Transfer Format, based on ISO/IEC 10646 series series NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk pointOfContact 2026-04-15T20:02:50 UK GEMINI 2.3 WGS 84 Met Office Hadley Centre Central England Temperature (HadCET) All Versions Collection 2025-06-04T15:48:54 publication 2025-06-04T15:48:54 creation https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36 f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36 NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis The Central England Temperature (CET) series is the longest available instrumental record of temperature in the world, with the monthly mean temperature extending back to 1659 and the daily mean temperature series extending back to 1772. The daily and monthly minimum and maximum temperature series extend back to 1878. These historical temperature series have been constructed to provide a long running temperature record for the Central England region, a roughly triangular area of the United Kingdom enclosed by Somerset, Lancashire and London. The CET value is then calculated as an average of the recorded temperatures for a few stations which are selected as representative of the region as a whole. Although the selected stations have changed over time, due primarily to station closures, the series is homogenised to ensure that it remains consistent. Stations used in the construction of the CET series between 1772 and 1852 include: Kennington, Crane Court, Lyndon Hall, Syon House, Somerset House, Greenwich Observatory, Chiswick. Stations used in the construction of the CET series from 1853 onwards include: Radcliffe (Oxford), Cambridge (legacy), Ross-on-Wye, Rothamsted, Malvern, Stonyhurst, Ringway, Squires Gate, Pershore College. Gordon Manley (1953, 1974) compiled most of the monthly series from 1659 to 1973, and the mean temperature series is adjusted up to 1973 to align with Manley's recorded daily mean temperature values. The series data were updated to 1991 by Parker et al (1992) and comprise the V2 series which is updated with the latest values. For latest updates please see Legg et al (2025). After 1973, the series is adjusted to extend the alignment with Manley's series. Further adjustments are applied to homogenise the current station selection to that used by Manley as well as to account for urbanisation. The version controlled CET series is updated annually (February-March), with the previous complete year’s values refreshed to ensure that data acquisition and quality control procedures have been completed and ensure the most accurate station temperature values are used. Each version of the dataset will include data up until the end of the previous complete year and an incremental version number will be updated. The CET datasets employ the following version control protocol: Version Vx.y.z.a: • x – major changes – e.g. change in scientific methodology • y – minor changes – e.g. small bug fixes or updates to diagnostics pages • z – incremental changes • a – reserved for use internally The standard annual release cycle of CET will constitute an incremental release (z). However, if more substantial changes have been made to the codebase, scientific methodology or source data values, then this may warrant a minor (y) or major (x) version release. (Note, these are applied to a cohort of datasets together - i.e. apply to the seasonal, monthly, daily and adjustment datasets as a coordinated version release). This new version of the datasets will supersede the previous version. A provisional version of the CET series, with recent data up to the previous day, is available for download on the Met Office Hadley Centre webpage: https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadcet/data/download.html . Link also available in the list of online resources on this record. Note: the v1.0.0.0 datasets within the collection on the CEDA archive were originally pulled over monthly from the Met Office Hadley Centre website on a monthly basis until the end of July 2022. Met Office author 0370 900 0100 Met Office FitzRoy Road Exeter EX1 3PB enquiries@metoffice.gov.uk author NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis custodian 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk custodian NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis distributor 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk distributor NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis point_of_contact 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk pointofContact NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis publisher 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk publisher unknown series HadCET temperature Hadley Met Office atmospheric conditions theme GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication otherRestrictions Please contact the data centre for assistance on accessing data from this dataset collection. otherRestrictions Under the following licence http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/, appropriate use of these data may fall under any use. This message is intended as guidance, always read the full licence. When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record. grid English climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere -4.0 1.0 51.0 54.0 1659-01-01T00:00:00 2025-12-31T23:59:59 Contact data centre for format details. NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis Data Center Contact 01235446432 RAL Space STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom support@ceda.ac.uk distributor https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/f1e8696c6d5746e694fde4d6022e5a36 CEDA Data Catalogue Page Detail and access information for the resource information http://hadobs.metoffice.com/hadcet/graphs/index.html HadCET plots for the current and previous years from the Hadley Centre No further details. information https://rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/cms/asset/2e55ac8a-97ef-41bf-813a-f6499680dfb3/gdj3284-fig-0001-m.png HadCET Representative Map No further details. information https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1190 Parker, D. and Horton, B. (2005), Uncertainties in central England temperature 1878–2003 and some improvements to the maximum and minimum series. Int. J. Climatol., 25: 1173-1188. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1190 No further details. information https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370120402 Parker, D.E., Legg, T.P. and Folland, C.K. (1992), A new daily central England temperature series, 1772–1991. Int. J. Climatol., 12: 317-342. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370120402 No further details. information http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934006 Manley, G. (1953), The mean temperature of central England, 1698–1952. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 79: 242-261. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49707934006 No further details. information http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710042511 Manley, G. (1974), Central England temperatures: Monthly means 1659 to 1973. Q.J.R. Meteorol. Soc., 100: 389-405. https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710042511 No further details. information https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1967 Parker, D.E. (2010), Uncertainties in early Central England temperatures. Int. J. Climatol., 30: 1105-1113. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.1967 No further details. information https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.284 Legg, T., Packman, S., Caton Harrison, T. and McCarthy, M. (2025), An Update to the Central England Temperature Series—HadCET v2.1. Geosci. Data J., 12: e284. https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.284 No further details. information series Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 Please see data lineage statements for each dataset within this collection for data lineage details.