The data were generated with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtension (WACCM-X) version 2.0 (Liu et al., 2018), part of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) release 2.1.0 (http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/models/cesm2). WACCM-X is a global model of the atmosphere from the surface up to ~500 km altitude and was run in free-running mode with a horizontal resolution of 1.9degrees latitude and 2.5 degrees longitude (giving 96 latitude points and 144 longitude points) and 126 vertical levels from Jan 2015 to 2070. This is an extension of the simulation by Cnossen (2020) from 1950 to 2015. For 2015-2070, lower boundary forcings and chemical emissions followed Shared Socio-economic Pathway (SSP) 2-4.5, a moderate scenario, comparable to Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 (O'Neill et al., 2016). The main magnetic field was specified according to the prediction by Aubert (2015). Solar radiative and particle forcings were specified according to the reference scenario of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) 6 recommendation by Matthes et al. (2017). The simulation therefore includes all known drivers of long-term change in the upper atmosphere and for all of these realistic long-term variations were adopted, offering a plausible, realistic estimate of the future climate of the upper atmosphere. For further details see Cnossen (2022).
The WACCM-X simulation was run on the ARCHER UK National Supercomputing Service (http://www.archer.ac.uk) in 2019-2020 by Ingrid Cnossen.

References: See related documents