Dataset
HadUK-Grid Gridded Climate Observations on a 12km grid over the UK, v1.0.2.1 (1862-2019)
Abstract
HadUK-Grid is a collection of gridded climate variables derived from the network of UK land surface observations. The data have been interpolated from meteorological station data onto a uniform grid to provide complete and consistent coverage across the UK. The dataset at 12 km resolution is derived from the associated 1 km x 1 km resolution to allow for comparison to data from climate projections. The dataset spans the period from 1862 to 2019, but the start time is dependent on climate variable and temporal resolution.
The gridded data are produced for daily, monthly, seasonal and annual timescales, as well as long term averages for a set of climatological reference periods. Variables include air temperature (maximum, minimum and mean), precipitation, sunshine, mean sea level pressure, wind speed, relative humidity, vapour pressure, days of snow lying, and days of ground frost.
This data set supersedes the previous versions of this dataset which also superseded UKCP09 gridded observations. Subsequent versions may be released in due course and will follow the version numbering as outlined by Hollis et al. (2018, see linked documentation).
For this version of note is that historical data recovery has improved monthly rainfall 1862-1910, daily rainfall 1883-1910, monthly temperature 1900-1909, and additional sunshine grids for 1919-1928 have been added. Additionally, this version has corrected the grid definition used for the 12 km grid product to match UKCP18 climate model products.
The primary purpose of these data are to facilitate monitoring of UK climate and research into climate change, impacts and adaptation. The datasets have been created by the Met Office with financial support from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) in order to support the Public Weather Service Customer Group (PWSCG), the Hadley Centre Climate Programme, and the UK Climate Projections (UKCP18) project. The data recovery activity to supplement 19th and early 20th Century data availability has also been funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant ref: NE/L01016X/1) project "Analysis of historic drought and water scarcity in the UK". The dataset is provided under Open Government Licence.
Details
| Previous Info: |
No news update for this record
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| Previously used record identifiers: |
No related previous identifiers.
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| Access rules: |
Access to these data is available to any registered CEDA user. Please Login or Register for a CEDA account to gain access.
Use of these data is covered by the following licence(s): http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record. |
| Data lineage: |
Data provided by the UK Met Office for archiving in the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) archives. |
| Data Quality: |
Data quality control details for the HadUK-Grid version 1.0 datasets is available in section 2.2. of Hollis et al. (2018). See linked documentation for further details.
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| File Format: |
Data are NetCDF formatted.
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Related Documents
Process overview
| Title | HadUK-Grid gridded climate observations methodology |
| Abstract | The gridded data sets are based on the archive of UK weather observations held at the Met Office. The density of the station network used varies through time, and for different climate variables - for example, for the temperature variables the number of stations rises from about 270 in 1910s to 600 in the mid-1990s, before falling to 450 in 2006. Regression and interpolation are used to generate values on a regular grid from the irregular station network, taking into account factors such as latitude and longitude, altitude and terrain shape, coastal influence, and urban land use. This alleviates the impact of station openings and closures on homogeneity, but the impacts of a changing station network cannot be removed entirely, especially in areas of complex topography or sparse station coverage. The methods used to generate the grids are described in more detail in a paper published by Hollis et al. (2019) https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.78 (see linked documentation on this record). To help users combine the observational data sets with the UKCP18 climate projections, the 1km x 1km grid is averaged to grids at resolutions to match those of the climate projections. Each 5 x 5 km, 12 x 12 km, 25 x 25 km or 60 x 60 km grid box value is an average of the all the 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within it. A set of regional values for UK administrative regions, river basins and countries are calculated as the average of all 1 × 1 km grid cell values that fall within the defined geography. |
| Input Description | None |
| Output Description | None |
| Software Reference | None |
- standard_name: air_temperature
- units: degC
- var_id: tasmax
- long_name: Maximum air temperature
- names: air_temperature, Maximum air temperature
- standard_name: air_temperature
- var_id: tas
- units: degC
- long_name: Mean air temperature
- names: air_temperature, Mean air temperature
- standard_name: air_temperature
- units: degC
- var_id: tasmin
- long_name: Minimum air temperature
- names: air_temperature, Minimum air temperature
- units: 1.0
- long_name: Number of days with ground frost (minimum grass temperature below zero)
- var_id: groundfrost
- names: Number of days with ground frost (minimum grass temperature below zero)
- units: 1.0
- standard_name: surface_snow_binary_mask
- long_name: Number of days with snow lying at 0900
- var_id: snowLying
- names: surface_snow_binary_mask, Number of days with snow lying at 0900
- units: hPa
- var_id: psl
- standard_name: air_pressure_at_sea_level
- long_name: Pressure at mean sea level
- names: air_pressure_at_sea_level, Pressure at mean sea level
- standard_name: relative_humidity
- long_name: Relative humidity
- var_id: hurs
- units: 0.01
- names: Relative humidity, relative_humidity
- standard_name: duration_of_sunshine
- units: hour
- long_name: Sunshine hours
- var_id: sun
- names: duration_of_sunshine, Sunshine hours
- units: mm
- var_id: rainfall
- standard_name: lwe_thickness_of_precipitation_amount
- long_name: Total precipitation amount
- names: lwe_thickness_of_precipitation_amount, Total precipitation amount
- units: m s-1
- standard_name: wind_speed
- var_id: sfcWind
- long_name: Wind speed at 10m
- names: wind_speed, Wind speed at 10m
- units: 1
- standard_name: area_type
- var_id: area_type
- names: area_type
- units: 1
- long_name: clim_season
- var_id: clim_season
- names: clim_season
- units: 1
- long_name: month_number
- var_id: month_number
- names: month_number
- units: hPa
- var_id: pv
- standard_name: water_vapor_partial_pressure_in_air
- long_name: partial pressure of water vapour
- names: water_vapor_partial_pressure_in_air, partial pressure of water vapour
- units: m
- standard_name: projection_x_coordinate
- var_id: projection_x_coordinate
- names: projection_x_coordinate
- var_id: projection_x_coordinate_bnds
- units: m
- standard_name: projection_y_coordinate
- var_id: projection_y_coordinate
- names: projection_y_coordinate
- var_id: projection_y_coordinate_bnds
- units: 1
- long_name: season_year
- var_id: season_year
- names: season_year
- units: 1
- standard_name: surface_snow_area_fraction
- var_id: surface_snow_area_fraction
- names: surface_snow_area_fraction
- units: degC
- standard_name: surface_temperature
- var_id: surface_temperature
- names: surface_temperature
- var_id: time_bnds
- var_id: transverse_mercator
Co-ordinate Variables
- units: degrees_north
- standard_name: latitude
- var_id: latitude
- names: latitude
- units: degrees_east
- standard_name: longitude
- var_id: longitude
- names: longitude
- standard_name: time
- var_id: time
- names: time
Temporal Range
1862-01-01T00:00:00
2019-12-31T23:59:59
Geographic Extent
60.5700° |
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-12.6100° |
4.5900° |
|
48.8300° |