Dataset
Chapter 3 of the Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report - data for Figure 3.36 (v20220620)
Abstract
Data for Figure 3.36 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6).
Figure 3.36 shows observed and simulated life cycle of El Niño and La Niña events.
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How to cite this dataset
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When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates:
Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 423–552, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.005.
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Figure subpanels
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The figure has four panels. All the data are provided in enso_lifecycle.nc file.
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List of data provided
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This dataset contains
- Composite time series of the ENSO index for El Niño events
- Composite time series of the ENSO index for La Niña events
- Mean duration of El Niño events
- Mean duration of La Niña events
in observations, CMIP5 historical-RCP4.5 and and CMIP6 historical simulations.
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Data provided in relation to figure
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Panel a:
- ts_elnino_obs; black curves
. ERSSTv5, dashed lines: dataset = 1
. HadISST, solid lines: dataset = 2
- ts_elnino_cmip5: The ENSO index time series in each ensemble member of CMIP5 models; blue curve and shading
- ts_elnino_cmip6: The ENSO index time series in each ensemble member of CMIP6 models; red curve and shading
Panel b:
- ts_lanina_obs; black curves
. ERSSTv5, dashed lines: dataset = 1
. HadISST, solid lines: dataset = 2
- ts_lanina_cmip5: The ENSO index time series in each ensemble member of CMIP5 models; blue curve and shading
- ts_lanina_cmip6: The ENSO index time series in each ensemble member of CMIP6 models; red curve and shading
Panel c:
- duration_elnino_obs; black vertical lines and numbers in the top right box
. ERSSTv5, dashed lines: dataset = 1
. HadISST, solid lines: dataset = 2
- duration_elnino_cmip5: El Nino duration in each ensemble member of CMIP5 models; blue box-whisker and number in the top right box
- duration_elnino_cmip6; El Nino duration in each ensemble member of CMIP6 models; red dots, red box-whisker and number in the top right box
. ACCESS-CM2: ens_cmip6 = 1 - 3
. ACCESS-ESM1-5: ens_cmip6 = 4 - 23
. AWI-CM-1-1-MR: ens_cmip6 = 24 - 28
. AWI-ESM-1-1-LR: ens_cmip6 = 29
. BCC-CSM2-MR: ens_cmip6 = 30 - 32
. BCC-ESM1: ens_cmip6 = 33 - 35
. CAMS-CSM1-0: ens_cmip6 = 36-38
. CanESM5-CanOE: ens_cmip6 = 39 - 41
. CanESM5: ens_cmip6 = 42 - 106
. CESM2-FV2: ens_cmip6 = 107 - 109
. CESM2: ens_cmip6 = 110 - 120
. CESM2-WACCM-FV2: ens_cmip6 = 121 - 123
. CESM2-WACCM: ens_cmip6 = 124 - 126
. CIESM: ens_cmip6 = 127 - 129
. CMCC-CM2-HR4: ens_cmip6 = 130
. CMCC-CM2-SR5: ens_cmip6 = 131
. CMCC-ESM2: ens_cmip6 = 132
. CNRM-CM6-1-HR: ens_cmip6 = 133
. CNRM-CM6-1: ens_cmip6 = 134 - 162
. CNRM-ESM2-1: ens_cmip6 = 163 - 172
. E3SM-1-0: ens_cmip6 = 173 - 177
. E3SM-1-1-ECA: ens_cmip6 = 178
. E3SM-1-1: ens_cmip6 = 179
. EC-Earth3-AerChem: ens_cmip6 = 180, 181
. EC-Earth3-CC: ens_cmip6 = 182
. EC-Earth3: ens_cmip6 = 183 - 204
. EC-Earth3-Veg-LR: ens_cmip6 = 205 - 207
. EC-Earth3-Veg: ens_cmip6 = 208 - 215
. FGOALS-f3-L: ens_cmip6 = 216 - 218
. FGOALS-g3: ens_cmip6 = 219 - 224
. FIO-ESM-2-0: ens_cmip6 = 225 - 227
. GFDL-CM4: ens_cmip6 = 228
. GFDL-ESM4: ens_cmip6 = 229 - 231
. GISS-E2-1-G-CC: ens_cmip6 = 232
. GISS-E2-1-G: ens_cmip6 = 233 - 278
. GISS-E2-1-H: ens_cmip6 = 279 - 302
. HadGEM3-GC31-LL: ens_cmip6 = 303 - 306
. HadGEM3-GC31-MM: ens_cmip6 = 307 - 310
. IITM-ESM: ens_cmip6 = 311
. INM-CM4-8: ens_cmip6 = 312
. INM-CM5-0: ens_cmip6 = 313 - 322
. IPSL-CM5A2-INCA: ens_cmip6 = 323
. IPSL-CM6A-LR: ens_cmip6 = 324 - 355
. KACE-1-0-G: ens_cmip6 = 356-358
. KIOST-ESM: ens_cmip6 = 359
. MCM-UA-1-0: ens_cmip6 = 360, 361
. MIROC6: ens_cmip6 = 362 - 411
. MIROC-ES2L: ens_cmip6 = 412 - 421
. MPI-ESM-1-2-HAM: ens_cmip6 = 422 - 424
. MPI-ESM1-2-HR: ens_cmip6 = 425 - 434
. MPI-ESM1-2-LR: ens_cmip6 = 435 - 444
. MRI-ESM2-0: ens_cmip6 = 445 - 450
. NESM3: ens_cmip6 = 451 - 455
. NorCPM1: ens_cmip6 = 456 - 485
. NorESM2-LM: ens_cmip6 = 486 - 488
. NorESM2-MM: ens_cmip6 = 489 - 490
. SAM0-UNICON: ens_cmip6 = 491
. TaiESM1: ens_cmip6 = 492
. UKESM1-0-LL: ens_cmip6 = 493 - 510
Panel d:
- duration_lanina_obs; black vertical lines and numbers in the top right box
. ERSSTv5, dashed lines: dataset = 1
. HadISST, solid lines: dataset = 2
- duration_lanina_cmip5; La Nina duration in each ensemble member of CMIP5 models; blue box-whisker and number in the top right box
- duration_lanina_cmip6; La Nina duration in each ensemble member of CMIP6 models; red dots, red box-whisker and number in the top right box
. ACCESS-CM2: ens_cmip6 = 1 - 3
. ACCESS-ESM1-5: ens_cmip6 = 4 - 23
. AWI-CM-1-1-MR: ens_cmip6 = 24 - 28
. AWI-ESM-1-1-LR: ens_cmip6 = 29
. BCC-CSM2-MR: ens_cmip6 = 30 - 32
. BCC-ESM1: ens_cmip6 = 33 - 35
. CAMS-CSM1-0: ens_cmip6 = 36-38
. CanESM5-CanOE: ens_cmip6 = 39 - 41
. CanESM5: ens_cmip6 = 42 - 106
. CESM2-FV2: ens_cmip6 = 107 - 109
. CESM2: ens_cmip6 = 110 - 120
. CESM2-WACCM-FV2: ens_cmip6 = 121 - 123
. CESM2-WACCM: ens_cmip6 = 124 - 126
. CIESM: ens_cmip6 = 127 - 129
. CMCC-CM2-HR4: ens_cmip6 = 130
. CMCC-CM2-SR5: ens_cmip6 = 131
. CMCC-ESM2: ens_cmip6 = 132
. CNRM-CM6-1-HR: ens_cmip6 = 133
. CNRM-CM6-1: ens_cmip6 = 134 - 162
. CNRM-ESM2-1: ens_cmip6 = 163 - 172
. E3SM-1-0: ens_cmip6 = 173 - 177
. E3SM-1-1-ECA: ens_cmip6 = 178
. E3SM-1-1: ens_cmip6 = 179
. EC-Earth3-AerChem: ens_cmip6 = 180, 181
. EC-Earth3-CC: ens_cmip6 = 182
. EC-Earth3: ens_cmip6 = 183 - 204
. EC-Earth3-Veg-LR: ens_cmip6 = 205 - 207
. EC-Earth3-Veg: ens_cmip6 = 208 - 215
. FGOALS-f3-L: ens_cmip6 = 216 - 218
. FGOALS-g3: ens_cmip6 = 219 - 224
. FIO-ESM-2-0: ens_cmip6 = 225 - 227
. GFDL-CM4: ens_cmip6 = 228
. GFDL-ESM4: ens_cmip6 = 229 - 231
. GISS-E2-1-G-CC: ens_cmip6 = 232
. GISS-E2-1-G: ens_cmip6 = 233 - 278
. GISS-E2-1-H: ens_cmip6 = 279 - 302
. HadGEM3-GC31-LL: ens_cmip6 = 303 - 306
. HadGEM3-GC31-MM: ens_cmip6 = 307 - 310
. IITM-ESM: ens_cmip6 = 311
. INM-CM4-8: ens_cmip6 = 312
. INM-CM5-0: ens_cmip6 = 313 - 322
. IPSL-CM5A2-INCA: ens_cmip6 = 323
. IPSL-CM6A-LR: ens_cmip6 = 324 - 355
. KACE-1-0-G: ens_cmip6 = 356-358
. KIOST-ESM: ens_cmip6 = 359
. MCM-UA-1-0: ens_cmip6 = 360, 361
. MIROC6: ens_cmip6 = 362 - 411
. MIROC-ES2L: ens_cmip6 = 412 - 421
. MPI-ESM-1-2-HAM: ens_cmip6 = 422 - 424
. MPI-ESM1-2-HR: ens_cmip6 = 425 - 434
. MPI-ESM1-2-LR: ens_cmip6 = 435 - 444
. MRI-ESM2-0: ens_cmip6 = 445 - 450
. NESM3: ens_cmip6 = 451 - 455
. NorCPM1: ens_cmip6 = 456 - 485
. NorESM2-LM: ens_cmip6 = 486 - 488
. NorESM2-MM: ens_cmip6 = 489 - 490
. SAM0-UNICON: ens_cmip6 = 491
. TaiESM1: ens_cmip6 = 492
. UKESM1-0-LL: ens_cmip6 = 493 - 510
Acronyms: ENSO - El Niño–Southern Oscillation, CMIP - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, RCP - Representative Concentration Pathway, ERSST - Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature, HadISST - Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature, ACCESS- CM2 – Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator coupled climate model, ACCESS- ESM – Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator Earth system model, AWI - Alfred Wegener Institute, BCC-CSM - Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model, CAMS - Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, CanOE - Canadian Ocean Ecosystem, CESM2 - Community Earth System Model, WACCM - Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, CIESM - Community Integrated Earth System Model, CNCC - Centro Euro-Mediterraneo per I Cambiamenti Climatici, CNRM - Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques, E3SM - Energy Exascale Earth System Model, FGOALS - Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System Model, FIO-ESM - First Institute of Oceanography Earth System Model, GFDL - Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, GISS - Goddard Institute for Space Studies, IITM - Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, INM - Institute for Numerical Mathematics, IPSL - Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, KIOST-ESM - Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology Earth System, MIROC - Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate, MPI - Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, NESM - Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model, NorCPM - Norwegian Climate Prediction Model, SAM0-UNICON - Seoul National University Atmosphere Model version 0 with a Unified Convection Scheme (SAM0-UNICON), TaiESM1 - Taiwan Earth System Model version 1, UKESM - The UK Earth System Modelling project.
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Notes on reproducing the figure from the provided data
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Multimodel ensemble means and percentiles are calculated after weighting individual members with the inverse of the ensemble size of the same model. The weight is provided as the weight attribute of ens_cmip5 and ens_cmip6.
If X(i) is the array, and w(i) the corresponding weight.
- Mean shoud be suｍ_i(X(i) * w(i)) / sum_i(w(i))
- For percentile values,
1. Sort X and w so that X is in the ascending order
2. Accumulate w until i = j so that accumulated(w)/sum_i(w(i)) equals or exceeds the specified percentile level (e.g. 0.05)
3. Use X(j) or (X(j) + X(j - 1))/2 as the percentile value
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Sources of additional information
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The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record:
- Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 3)
- Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 3, which contains details on the input data used in Table 3.SM.1
- Link to the code for the figure, archived on Zenodo
- Link to the figure on the IPCC AR6 website
Details
| Previous Info: |
No news update for this record
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|---|---|
| Previously used record identifiers: |
No related previous identifiers.
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| Access rules: |
Public data: access to these data is available to both registered and non-registered users.
Use of these data is covered by the following licence: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. When using these data you must cite them correctly using the citation given on the CEDA Data Catalogue record. |
| Data lineage: |
Data produced by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) authors and supplied for archiving at the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis (CEDA) by the Technical Support Unit (TSU) for IPCC Working Group I (WGI). |
| Data Quality: |
Data as provided by the IPCC
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| File Format: |
Data are netCDF formatted
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Related Documents
Process overview
| Title | Caption for Figure 3.36 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) |
| Abstract | Life cycle of (left) El Niño and (right) La Niña events in observations (black) and historical simulations from CMIP5 (blue; extended with RCP4.5) and CMIP6 (red). An event is detected when the December ENSO index value in year zero exceeds 0.75 times its standard deviation for 1951–2010. (a, b) Composites of the ENSO index (ºC). The horizontal axis represents month relative to the reference December (the grey vertical bar), with numbers in parentheses indicating relative years. Shading and lines represent 5th–95th percentiles and multi-model ensemble means, respectively. (c, d) Mean durations (months) of El Niño and La Niña events defined as number of months in individual events for which the ENSO index exceeds 0.5 times its December standard deviation. Each dot represents an ensemble member from the model indicated on the vertical axis. The boxes and whiskers represent multi-model ensemble mean, interquartile ranges and 5th and 95th percentiles of CMIP5 and CMIP6. The CMIP5 and CMIP6 multi-model ensemble means and observational values are indicated at the top right of each panel. The multi-model ensemble means and percentile values are evaluated after weighting individual members with the inverse of the ensemble size of the same model, so that individual models are equally weighted irrespective of their ensemble sizes. The ENSO index is defined as the SST anomaly averaged over the Niño 3.4 region (5ºS–5ºN, 170ºW–120ºW). All results are based on five-month running mean SST anomalies with triangular-weights after linear detrending. Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table 3.SM.1). |
| Input Description | None |
| Output Description | None |
| Software Reference | None |
- units: months
- var_id: duration_elnino_obs
- long_name: Duration of El Nino
- units: months
- var_id: duration_lanina_obs
- long_name: Duration of La Nina
- units: degrees_C
- var_id: ts_lanina_obs
- long_name: The ENSO index
- var_id: dataset
- var_id: ens_cmip5
- var_id: ens_cmip6
- var_id: time
- units: months
- long_name: months relative to December of the ENSO peak
Co-ordinate Variables
Temporal Range
1951-01-01T12:00:00
2010-12-31T12:00:00
Geographic Extent
5.0000° |
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-170.0000° |
-120.0000° |
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-5.0000° |