Data for Figure 9.3 from Chapter 9 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6).

Figure 9.3 shows sea surface temperature (SST) and its changes with time.

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How to cite this dataset
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When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates:
Fox-Kemper, B., H.T. Hewitt, C. Xiao, G. Aðalgeirsdóttir, S.S. Drijfhout, T.L. Edwards, N.R. Golledge, M. Hemer, R.E. Kopp, G. Krinner, A. Mix, D. Notz, S. Nowicki, I.S. Nurhati, L. Ruiz, J.-B. Sallée, A.B.A. Slangen, and Y. Yu, 2021: Ocean, Cryosphere and Sea Level Change. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1211–1362, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.011.

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Figure subpanels
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The figure has 12 panels labelled (a)-(j). Data is provided provided for panels using this lettering system.

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List of data provided
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This dataset contains:

- Time series of global mean SST anomaly relative to 1950–1980 climatology. Shown are paleoclimate reconstructions and PMIP models, observational reanalyses (HadISST) and multi-model means from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) historical simulations, CMIP projections, and HighResMIP experiment.

- Map of observed SST (1995–2014 climatology HadISST).

- Historical SST changes from observations.

- CMIP 2005–2100 SST change rate. (e) Bias of CMIP. (f) CMIP change rate.

- 2005–2050 change rate for SSP5-8.5 for the CMIP ensemble.

- Bias of HighResMIP (bottom left) over 1995–2014.

- HighResMIP change rate for 1950–2014.

- 2005–2050 change rate for SSP5-8.5 for the HighResMIP ensemble. No overlay indicates regions with high model agreement, where ≥80% of models agree on sign of change. Diagonal lines indicate regions with low model agreement, where <80% of models agree on sign of change (see Cross-Chapter Box Atlas.1 for more information). Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table 9.SM.9).

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Data provided in relation to figure
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Data provided in relation to Figure 9.3

- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_CMIPlikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_CMIPmean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_HighResMIPlikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_HighResMIPmean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_Observedmean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_paleo.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp126likelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp126likelybounds_extended.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp126mean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp126mean_extended.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp126verylikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp245likelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp245mean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp245verylikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp370likelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp370mean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp370verylikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp585likelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp585likelybounds_extended.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp585mean.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp585mean_extended.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3a_data_ssp585verylikelybounds.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3b_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3c_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3d_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3e_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3f_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3g_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3h_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3i_data.nc:
- Data file: Fig9-3j_data.nc:

PMIP is the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project.
HadISST stands for Hadley Centre Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature.
CMIP is the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project.
HighResMIP is the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project.
SST stands for Sea Surface Temperature.
SSP stands for Shared Socioeconomic Pathway.
SSP585 is the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway which represents the upper boundary of radiative forcing and development scenarios, consistent with RCP stands for Representative Concentration Pathway.

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Notes on reproducing the figure from the provided data
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GMSST and SST maps were plotted using standard matplotlib software - code is available via the link in the documentation.

The plotting code is designed to use pre-processed CMIP data, rather than the provided netcdf files. To reproduce these figures form the metadata please modify the example code linked in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record.

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Sources of additional information
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The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record:
- Link to the figure on the IPCC AR6 website
- Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 9)
- Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 9, which contains details on the input data used in Table 9.SM.9
- Link to the data and code used to produce this figure and others in Chapter 9, archived on Zenodo.
- Link to example code on GitHub
- Link to the output data for this figure, contained in a dedicated GitHub repository.